White Papers
White papers
Data-led research on how households earn, save, and invest, written in plain English and built on public sources.
White paper · Sep 8, 2026
The Equity Divide: How the Middle Class Changed Since the 1970s
A data-led look at how the American middle class changed since the 1970s, and a test of one idea: that most of the top 1 percent are a professional class, and the genuinely new top tier is built on equity ownership rather than wages.
Read →White paper · Sep 8, 2026The American Household Balance Sheet
A population-level view of household income, net worth, and where families actually hold their money, from employer retirement plans and IRAs to taxable brokerage accounts.
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